Education

• May 1994 - Mar 1997  PhD in Human Biology Institute for Surgical Research, University of Munich, Germany
• Jul 1991 - Jun 1993     MPhil in Biochemistry Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
• Sep 1987 - Jun 1991    BSc (Hons) in Biochemistry    Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong

Profile

Dr. Chang is an Associate Professor in the Department of Anatomy, Investigator and Coordinator of Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, Investigator and Executive Management Committee Member of The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences. Dr. Chang is also the Founder and Secretary of HKU Alzheimer’s Disease Research Network.

Dr. Chang received a research scholarship by German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) to pursue his doctoral training in neurophysiology and clinical neuroscience at the University of Munich, Munich, Germany, in 1994-1997. Afterwards, he continued his postdoctoral training in neuropharmacology and molecular neuroscience at National Institute of Environmental Health, National Institutes of Health, USA, in 1997-2000. During that time, he received the Visiting Research Fellowship Award and the NIH Fellow Award for Research Excellence by the National Institutes of Health. He then moved to The University of Hong Kong as Research Officer in 2000-2001. He became Research Assistant Professor in 2001, Assistant Professor in 2005, and Associate Professor in 2012. He has published over 100 peer-reviewed publications and 9 book chapters in neurodegeneration, neuroimmunology and drug discovery in these areas. Examples of his peer-reviewed papers are published in Acta Neuropathologica, Journal of Biological Chemistry, Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Progress in Neurobiology, Ageing Research Review, Journal of Nutrition Biochemistry and Free Radical in Medicine and Biology. His h-index is 33 from Google Scholar. He is also an editor for two books on neurodegenerative diseases and one new book on Lycium barbarum and Health. Dr. Chang is now the Scientific Advisory Board member in International Alzheimer’s / Parkinson’s diseases Symposium, Scientific Review Committee for Alzheimer Association in USA. He is the handling associate editor in Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, and Section Chief Editor for Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology. He is also a member of editorial board of more than 16 different journals. He is also a grant reviewer for many different grant agencies/foundations.

Research Interest

Molecular Neurobiology of neurodegeneration, Neuroimmunology, Cell Biology, Signal Transduction

Professional Activities:

Research Experience

Teaching and Supervisory Experience

Editorial Board for Peer-Review Journals:

Honors and Awards

Publications

Book Chapters

1. Ho YS, Hung CHL, Chang RCC* (2013) Green tea and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease. In: Victor R. Preedy Ed. Tea in Health and Disease Prevention Elsevier Publisher (Book Chapter). Chapter 58, p691-704.
2. Chiu K, So KF, Chang RCC* (2013) Progressive neurodegeneration of retina in Alzheimer’s disease: Are ß-amyloid peptide and tau new pathological factors in glaucoma? In Shimon Rumelt edit: “Glaucoma – Basic and Clinical Aspects”. InTech Open Assess Publisher (Book Chapter), Chapter 8, 157-177. (ISBN 978-953-51-1064-4)
3. Ho YS, Chiu K, Hung CHL, So KF and Chang RCC* (2011) Holistic approach versus scientific evidence, what do we know about anti-aging herbal medicine in aging-associated neurodegenerative diseases? In: Akhlaq A. Farooqui Ed. Phytochemicals and Human Health: Pharmacological and Molecular Aspects. Nova Publisher (Book Chapter). Chapter 6, 157-186.
4. Chiu K, So KF, Chang RCC* (2011) Immune modulation in glaucoma – can manipulation on microglia activation help? In: Martina Kofronova & Tomaš Kubena Eds. The Mystery of Glaucoma; InTech Open Access Publisher (Book Chapter). Chapter 14, 257-268. (ISBN 978-953-307-567-9).
5. Chang RCC*, Ho YS, Yu MS and So KF (2010) Medicinal and nutraceutical uses of wolfberry in preventing neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease. In: Charles Ramassamy and Stéphane Bastianetto Eds. Recent Advances on Nutrition and Alzheimer’s disease. (Book Chapter). Pp 169-185. [Correspondence author; Book Chapter; 50% effort].
6. Chang RCC*, Chao J, Yu MS and Wang M (2010) Neuroprotective effects of oxyresveratrol from fruit against neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease. In: Charles Ramassamy and Stéphane Bastianetto Eds. Recent Advances on Nutrition and Alzheimer’s disease. (Book Chapter). Pp155-168.
7. So KF and Chang RCC (2010) Ginseng, Wolfberry, Bilberry in “Section 8: Non-pharmaceutical Medications and Approaches”. In: R.N. Weinreb & J. Liebmann Ed. Medical Treatment of Glaucoma: World Glaucoma Association Consensus Series 7. Kugler Publication (Book Chapter) pp237-242. [ISBN 10: 90-6299-226-9]
8. Mok P, Chang RCC, Wang M and So KF (2008) A review on the laboratory investigations and epidemiological studies of black tea, In: Chi-Tang Ho, James E. Simon, Fereidoon Shahidi and Yu Shao Eds, ACS Symposium Series 987, Dietary Supplements. Washington, DC, American Chemical Society. Oxford University Press, Chapter 9, pp144-159. [ISBN13: 9780841239920]
9. Baethmann A, Staub F, Kempski O, Plesnila N, Chang RCC, Schneider GH, Eriskat J, Stoffel M And Ringel F (1996): Glutamate enhances brain damage from ischemia and trauma. In: “Maturation Phenomenon in Cerebral Ischemia II”, (Ito U., ed) Berlin, Springer-Verlag, pp 43-51.

Articles

1. Chang RCC*, Ho YS, Wong S, Gentleman SM, Ng HK (2014) Neuropathology of cigarette smoking. Acta Neuropathol., 127, 53-69.
2. Lau CF, Ho YS, Hung CHL, Wuwongse S, Poon CH, Chiu K, Yang X, Chu LW, Chang RCC* (2014) Protective effects of testosterone on pre-synaptic terminals against oligomeric b-amyloid peptide in primary culture of hippocampal neurons. BioMed Res. Intl., 2014:103906 (Doi: 10.1155/2014/103906).
3. He M, Pang H, Chang RCC, So KF, Brecha NC, Pu M (2014) Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway contributes to the protective effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides in the rodent retina after ischemia-reperfusion-induced damage. PloS One, e84800 (Doi: http://10.1371/journal.pone.0084800).
4. Huang C, Ho YS, Ng OTW, Irwin MG, Chang RCC*, Wong GTC (2014) Dexmedetomidine directly increases tau phosphorylation. J. Alz. Dis., In press.
5. Chiu PW, Mak HKF, Yau KKW, Chan Q, Chang RCC, Chu LW (2014) Metabolic changes in anterior and posterior cingulate cortices of the normal aging brain: Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study at 3 Tesla. AGE (Journal of American Aging Association), 36, 251-264.
6. Xiao J, Xing F, Huo J, Fung ML, Liong EC, Ching YP, Xu A, Chang RCC, So KF, Tipoe GL (2014) Lycium barbarum polysaccharides therapeutically improve hepatic functions in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis rats and cellular steatosis model. Sci. Rep., 4, 5587. (doi: 10.1038/srep05587).
7. Yu J, Luo X, Xu H, Ma Q, Yuan J, Li X, Chang RCC, Qu Z, Huang X, Zhuang Z, Liu J, Yang X (2014) Identification of the Key Molecules Involved in Chronic Copper Exposure-Aggravated Memory Impairment in Transgenic Mice of Alzheimer's Disease Using Proteomic Analysis. J. Alz. Dis., In press.
8. Wong GTS, Chang RCC*, Law ACK (2013) A breach in the scaffold: The possible role of cytoskeleton dysfunction in the pathogenesis of major depression. Ageing Res. Rev., 12, 67-75. (DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2012.08.004)
9. Poon DCH, Ho YS, Chiu K, Chang RCC* (2013) Cytokines: how important are they in mediating sickness? Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev., 37, 1-10. (DOI: http://10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.11.001)
10. Wuwongse S, Cheng SSY, Wong GTH, Hung CHL, Zhang NQ, Ho YS, Law ACK, Chang RCC* (2013) Effects of corticosterone and amyloid-beta on proteins essential for synaptic function: Implications for depression and Alzheimer’s disease. Biochem. Biophy. Acta – Mol. Basis Dis., 1832, 2245-2256.
11. Zhang YK, Wang J, Liu L, Chang RCC, So KF, Ju G (2013) The effect of Lycium barbarum on spinal cord injury, particularly its relationship with M1 and M2 macrophage in rats. BMC Complement. Altern. Med., 13, 67.
12. Xiao J, Guo R, Fung ML, Liong E, Chang RCC, Ching YP, Tipoe G (2013) Garlic derived S-allylmercaptocysteine (SAMC) ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in a rat model through inhibition of apoptosis and enhancing autophagy. Evid-Based Complement. Altern. Med., ID:642920 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/642920).
13. Li H, Liang Y, Chiu K, Yuan Q, Lin B, Chang RCC, So KF (2013) Lycium barbarum (Wolfberry) reduces secondary degeneration, oxidative stress and inhibits JNK pathway in the retina after partial optic nerve transection. PloS One, 8 (7), e68881. Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0068881.
14. Sen A, Wang Y, Chiu K, Whiley L, Smith NW, Cowan D, Chang RCC, Legido-Quigley C (2013) Metabolic phenotyping using spot in-vial dual extraction in the healthy animal model for serum, urine and cerebrospinal fluid. Anal. Chem., 85, 7257-7263.
15. Xiao J, Liong EC, Ching YP, Chang RCC, Fung ML, Xu AM, So KF, Tipoe GL (2013) Lycium barbarum polysaccharides protect rat liver from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-induced injury. Nutrition & Diabetes, 3, e81.
16. Mi XS, Zhong JX, Chang RCC, So KF (2013) Research advances on the usages of traditional Chinese medicine for neuroprotection in glaucoma. J. Integr. Med., 11, 233-240.
17. Xu M, Chen X, Gu Y, Peng T, Yang D, Chang RCC, So KF, Liu K, Shen J (2013) Baicalin can scavenge peroxynitrite and ameliorate endogenous peroxynitrite-mediated neurotoxicity in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. J. Ethnopharmacol., 150, 116-124.
18. Ho YS, Yang X, Yeung SC, Chiu K, Lau JCF, Tsang AWT, Mak JCW, Chang RCC* (2012) Cigarette smoking accelerated brain aging and induced pre-Alzheimer-Like neuropathology in rats. PloS One, 7(5), e36752 (DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036752).
19. Ho YS, Yang X, Lau JCF, Hung CHL, Wuwongse S, Zhang Q, Wang JZ, Baum L, So KF and Chang RCC* (2012) Endoplasmic reticulum stress induces tau pathology and forms a vicious cycle: Implication in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis. J. Alz. Dis., 128, 839-854.
20. Chiu K, Chan TF, Wu A, Leung IYP, So KF, Chang RCC* (2012) Neurodegeneration in the retina of mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease: what can we learn from the retina? AGE (Journal of American Aging Association), 34, 633-649.
21. Ho YS, Poon DCH, Chan TF, Chang RCC* (2012) From small to big molecules: how do we prevent and delay progression of aging-related neurodegeneration? Curr. Pharmaceut. Design, 18, 15-26.
22. Chao J, Leung Y, Wang M, Chang RCC* (2012) Nutraceuticals and their preventive or potential therapeutic value for Parkinson’s disease. Nutr. Rev., 70, 373-386.
23. Chan TF, Chiu K, Lok CKM, Ho WL, So KF, Chang RCC* (2012) Morphometric analysis of retinal section. J. Visualized Experiment, e3377. (http://www.jove.com/details.php?id=3377) DOI: 10.3791/3377.
24. Ho WL, Leung Y, Tsang AWT, So KF, Chiu K, Chang RCC* (2012) Tauopathy in the retina and optic nerve: Does it shadow pathological changes in the brain? Mol. Vision, 18, 2700-2710.
25. Yik SY, Yu MS, Ho YS, Lai CS, Cheung YT, So KF, Chang RCC* (2012) Neuroprotective effects of minocycline on double-stranded RNA-induced neurotoxicity in cultured cortical neurons. Hong Kong Med. J., Suppl. 2, 42-44.
26. Zhang E, Yau SY, Lau BWM, Ma H, Lee TMC, Chang RCC*, So KF (2012) Synaptic plasticity, but not hippocampal neurogenesis mediated the counteractive effect of Wolfberry on depression in rats. Cell Transplant., 21, 2635-2649.
27. Xiao J, Liong EC, Ching YP, Chang RCC, So KF, Fung ML, Tipoe GL (2012) Lycium barbarum polysaccharides protect mice liver from carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative stress and necroinflammation. J. Ethnopharmacol., 139, 462-470. (doi:10.1016/j.jep.2011.11.033).
28. Yang D, Li SY, Yeung CM, Chang RCC, So KF, Wong D, Lo ACY (2012) Lycium barbarum extracts protect the brain from blood-brain-barrier disruption and cerebral edema in experimental stroke.  PloS One, 7, e33596.
29. Mi XS, Chiu K, Van G, Leung JW, Lo AC, Chung SK, Chang RCC, So KF (2012) The effects of Lycium barbarum on the expression of endothelin-1 and its receptors in an ocular hypertension model of rat glaucoma. Neural Regeneration Res., 7, 645-651.
30. Lau BWM, Lee CD, Li Y, Fung SMY, Sang YH, Shen J, Chang RCC, So KF (2012) Polysaccharides from Wolfberry prevents corticosterone-induced inhibition of sexual behavior and increases neurogenesis. PloS One, 7, e33374.
31. Klionsky DJ, Abdalla FC, … Chang RCC, Che CM, … Zuckerbraun B (2012) Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy. Autophagy, 8, 445-554. (more than 100 authors to launch the guideline for monitoring autophagy)
32. Mi XS, Feng Q, Lo ACY, Chang RCC, Lin B, Chung SK, So KF (2012) Protection of retinal ganglion cells and retinal vasculature by Lycium Barbarum Polysaccharides in a mouse model of acute ocular hypertension. PloS One, 7, e45469.
33. Zhu Q, Zhang NQ, Lau CF, Chao J, Sun Z, Chang RCC, Chen F, Wang M (2012) In vitro attenuation of acrolein-induced toxicity by phloretin, a phenolic compound from apple. Food Chem., 135, 1762-1768.
34. Zhang L, Chang RCC, Chu LW, Mak HKF (2012) Current imaging techniques in Alzheimer’s disease and applications in animal models. Am. J. Nucl. Mol. Imaging, 2, 391-409.
35. Cheung YT, Zhang NQ, Hung CHL, Lai CSW, Yu MS, So KF, Chang RCC* (2011) Temporal Relationships of autophagy and neuronal apoptosis in low molecular weight β-amyloid peptide neurotoxicity. J. Cell. Mol. Med., 15, 244-257.
36. Ho YS, So KF, Chang RCC* (2011) Drug discovery from Chinese Medicine against neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s and vascular dementia. CHINESE MEDICINE, 6, 15.
37. Lau BW, Ren C, Yang JL Yan SW, Chang RCC, Pu M, So KF (2011) Light deprivation induces depression-like behavior and suppresses neurogenesis in diurnal Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus). Cell Transplant., 20, 871-881.
38. Li SY, Yang D, Yeung CM, Yu WY, Chang RCC, So KF, Wong D, Lo ACY (2011) Lycium barbarum polysaccharides reduce neuronal damage, blood-retinal barrier disruption and oxidative stress in retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury. PloS One, e16380.
39. Chiu K, Liang YX, Chang RCC, So KF (2011) Lycium barbarum L.: a neuroprotective drug for glaucoma枸杞子–青光眼的神经保护剂. Ophthalmol. CHN. (眼科), 20, 21-27.
40. Ho YS, Yu MS, Yang X, So KF, Yuen WH, Chang RCC* (2010) Neuroprotective effects of polysaccharides from Wolfberry antagonize homocysteine-induced toxicity in rat cortical neurons. J. Alzheimer Dis., 19, 813-827.
41. Ho YS, So KF, Chang RCC* (2010) Anti-aging herbal medicine – how and why can they be used in aging-associated neurodegenerative diseases? Ageing Res. Rev., 9, 354-362.
42. Wuwongse S, Chang RCC*, Law ACK (2010) The putative neurodegenerative links between depression and Alzheimer’s disease. Prog. Neurobiol., 71, 362-375.
43. Chao J, Li H, Cheng KW, Yu MS, Chang RCC*, Wang M (2010) Protective effects of pinostilbene, a resveratrol methylated derivative, against 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. J. Nutr. Biochem., 21, 482-489.
44. Chiu K, Yeung SC, So KF, Chang RCC* (2010) Modulation of morphological changes of microglia and neuroprotection by monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in experimental glaucoma. Cell. Mol. Immunol., 7, 61-68.
    [Correspondence author; Impact factor: 2.026; Rank of Journal: 97/134 (Top: 72.4%) in the field of Immunology; citation index: 8; 30% effort].
45. Yu HT, Chan WWL, Chai KH, Lee CWC, Chang RCC, Yu MS, McLoughlin DM, Miller CCJ, Lau KF (2010) Transcriptional regulation of human FE65, a ligand of Alzheimer’s disease amyloid precursor protein, by Sp1. J. Cell. Biochem., 109, 782-783.
46. Cheung YT, Lau WKW, Chang RCC* (2010) What do we need to concern in using cell line for neurotoxicology research, differentiation or disturbance of intracellular signaling? NeuroToxicology, 31, 164-166.
47. Chao J, Lau KW, Huie MJ, Ho YS, Yu MS, Lai CSW, Wang M, Yuen WH, Lam WH, Chan TH, Chang RCC* (2010) A pro-drug of the green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) prevents differentiated SH-SY5Y cells from toxicity induced by 6-hydroxydopamine. Neurosci. Letters, 469, 360-364.
48. Chiu K, Zhou Y, Yeung SC, Lok CKM, Chan OOC, Chang RCC*, So KF, Chiu JF (2010) Up-regulation of crystallins is involved in neuroprotective effects of Wolfberry on survival of retinal ganglion cells in rat ocular hypertension model. J. Cell. Biochem., 110, 311-320.
49. Hung CHL, Ho YS, Chang RCC* (2010) Modulations of mitochondrial calcium as a pharmacological target for Alzheimer’s disease. Ageing Res. Rev., 9, 447-456.
50. Peng X, Ma J, Chao J, Sun Z, Chang RCC, Tse I, Li ETS, Chen F, Wang M (2010) Beneficial effects of cinnamon proanthocyanidins on the formation of specific glycation endproducts and methylglyoxal-induced impairment on glucose consumption. J. Arg. Food Chem., 58, 6692-6696.
51. Zheng ZP, Ma J, Cheng KW, Chao J, Zhu Q, Chang RCC, Zhao M, Lin ZX, Wang M. (2010) Sulfur-containing constituents and one 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid derivative from pineapple [Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.] fruit. Phytochemistry, 71, 2046-2051.
52. Hugon J, Paquet C, Chang RCC (2009) Could PKR inhibition modulate human neurodegeneration? Expert Rev. Neurother., 9, 1455-1457.
53. Cheung YT, Lau WKW, Yu MS, Lai CSW, Yeung SZ, So KF, Chang RCC* (2009) Effects of all-trans retinoic acid on human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y as in vitro model of neurotoxicity research. NeuroToxicology, 30, 127-135.
54. Lai CSW, Preisler J, Baum L, Lee DHS, Ng HK, Hugon J, So KF, Chang RCC* (2009) Low molecular weight Aβ induces collapse of endoplasmic reticulum. Mol. Cell. Neurosci., 41, 32-43.
55. Ho YS, Yik SY, Yu MS, So KF, Yuen WH, Chang RCC* (2009) Polysaccharides from Wolfberry antagonizes glutamate excitotoxicity in rat cortical neurons. Cell. Mol. Neurobiol., 29, 1233-1244.
56. Yu JT, Chang RCC, Tan L (2009) Calcium dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease: From basic mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities. Prog. Neurobiol., 89, 240-255.
57. Chiu K, Chan HC, Yeung SC, Yuen WH, Zee SY, Chang RCC*, So KF (2009) Modulation of microglia by Wolfberry on the survival of retinal ganglion cells in a rat ocular hypertension model. J. Ocular Biol. Dis. Informatics, 2, 127-136.
58. Chang RCC*, Chiu K, Ho YS, So KF (2009) Modulation of neuroimmune responses on glia in the central nervous system: implication in therapeutic intervention against neuroinflammation. Cell. Mol. Immunol., 6, 317-326.
59. Chang RCC*, So KF (2008) Use of anti-aging herbal medicine, Lycium barbarum, against aging-associated diseases. What do we know so far? Cell. Mol. Neurobiol., 28, 643-652.
60. Lai CSW, Yu MS, Yuen WH, So KF, Zee SY, Chang RCC* (2008) Neuroprotective effects of anti-aging fungus Gandoderma lucdium. Brain Res., 1190, 215-224.
61. Chao J, Yu MS, Ho YS, Wang M, Chang RCC* (2008) Dietary oxyresveratrol prevents parkinsonian mimetic 6-hydroxydopamine neurotoxicity. Free Radic. Biol. Med., 45, 1019-1026.
62. Chiu K, Lau WM, Yeung SC, Chang RCC*, So KF (2008) Retrograde labeling of retinal ganglion cells by application of Fluoro-Gold on the surface of superior colliculus. J. Visual. Exp., (06/01/08) 16, 819.
63. Sze SCW, Song J, Chang RCC, Zhang KY, Wong RNS, Yao T (2008) Recent advances on anti-aging profile of Fructus Lycii: An ancient Chinese herbal medicine. J. Compl. Alt. Med., 5, (1), Article 8. 
64. Lau KF, Chan WM, Perkinton MS, Tudor EL, Chang RCC, Chan HYE, McLoughlin DM, Miller CCJ (2008) Derax1 interacts with Fe65 to regulate Fe65-amyloid precursor protein dependent transcription. J. Biol. Chem., 283, 34728-34737.
65. Chang RCC*, Yu MS, Lai CSW (2007) Significance of molecular signaling for protein translation control in neurodegenerative diseases. Neurosignals, 15, 249-258.
66. Chan HC, Chang RCC, Ip AKC, Chiu K, Yuen WH, Zee SY, So KF (2007) Neuroprotective effects of Lycium barbarum Lynn, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine in protecting retinal ganglion cells in an ocular hypertension model of glaucoma. Exp. Neurol., 203, 269-273.
67. Ho YS, Yu MS, Lai CSW, So KF, Yuen WH, Chang RCC* (2007) Characterizing the neuroprotective effects of from Lycium barbarum on β-amyloid peptide neurotoxicity. Brain Res., 1158, 123-134.
68. Yu MS, Wong AYY, So KF, Fang JN, Yuen WH, Chang RCC* (2007) New polysaccharide from Nerium indicum protects neurons via stress kinase signaling pathway. Brain Res., 1153, 221-230.
69. Yu MS, Lai CSW, Ho YS, Zee SY, So KF, Yuen WH, Chang RCC* (2007) Characterization of the effects of anti-aging medicine Fructus lycii on b-amyloid peptide neurotoxicity. Intl. J. Mol. Med., 20, 261-268.
70. Chiu K, Chang RCC*, So KF (2007) Intravitreous injection for establishing ocular disease model. J. Visual. Exp., (10/01/07) 8, 313. http://www.jove.com/index/Details.stp?ID=313
71. Chiu K, Lau WM, Lau HT, So KF, Chang RCC* (2007) Micro-dissection of rat brain for RNA and protein extraction from specific brain region. J. Visual. Exp., (08/30/07) 7, 269
72. Chiu K, Chang RCC*, So KF (2007) Laser induced chronic ocular hypertension model on SD rats. J. Visual. Exp., (12/01/07) 10, 549. http://www.jove.com/index/Details.stp?ID=549
73. Yu MS, Suen KC, Kwok NS, So KF, Hugon J, Chang RCC* (2006) Beta-amyloid peptide induces neuronal apoptosis via a mechanism independent of unfolded protein responses. Apoptosis, 11, 687-700.
74. Lai SW, Yu MS, Yuen WH, Chang RCC* (2006) Novel neuroprotective effects of the aqueous extracts from Verbena officinalis Linn. Neuropharmacology 50, 641-650.
75. Yu MS, Ho YS, So KF, Yuen WH, Chang RCC* (2006) Cytoprotective effects of Lycium barbarum against reducing stress on endoplasmic reticulum. Intl. J. Mol. Med., 17, 1157-1162.
76. Fang X, Chang RCC* Yuen WH, Zee SY (2005) Immune modulatory effects of Prunella Valgaris L. Intl. J. Mol. Med. 15, 491-496.
77. Fang X, Yu MS, Yuen WH, Zee SY, Chang RCC* (2005) Immune modulatory effects of Prunella Valgaris L. on monocytes/macrophages. Intl. J. Mol. Med.., 16, 1109-1116.
78. Yu MS, Leung SKY, Che CM, Zee SY, So KF, Yuen WH, Chang RCC* (2005) Neuroprotective effects of an anti-aging Chinese medicine Lycium barbarum against β-amyloid peptide neurotoxicity. Exp. Gerontol., 40, 716-727.
79. Wong HK, Wang X, Chang RCC, Feng H, Wang Q, Lo KW, Huang DP, Yuen PW, Wong YC, Tsao SW (2005) Stable expression of EBERs in immortalized nasopharyngeal epithelial cells confers resistance to apoptotic stress. Mol. Carcinogen., 44: 92-101.
80. Lin KF, Chang RCC, Suen KC, So KF, Hugon J (2004) Modulation of calcium/calmodulin kinase II attenuates β-amyloid peptide-induced neurotoxicity. Eur. J. Neurosci. 19, 2047-2055.
81. Yu MS, Lai SW, Lin KF, Fang JN, Yuen WH, Chang RCC* (2004) Characterization of polysaccharides from the flowers of Nerium indicum and their neuroprotective effects. Intl. J. Mol. Med., 14, 917-924.
82. Suen KC, Yu MS, So KF, Chang RCC*, Hugon J (2003) The upstream pathway of double-stranded RNA-dependent serine/threonine kinase activation in neurons exposed to β-amyloid peptide neurotoxicity. J. Biol. Chem. 278, 49819-49827.
83. Suen KC, Lin KF, Elyaman W, So KF  Chang RCC*, Hugon J (2003) Reduction of intracellular calcium increase provides partial neuroprotection against β-amyloid peptide toxicity, significance of endoplasmic reticulum stress. J. Neurochem. 87, 1413-1426.
84. Chang RCC, Suen KC, Ma CH, Elyaman W, Ng HK, Hugon J (2002) Involvement of doubled-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase and phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2alpha in neuronal degeneration. J. Neurochem. 83, 1215-1225.
85. Chang RCC, Wong AKY, Ng HK, Hugon J (2002) Phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor-2α (eIF2α) is associated with neuronal degeneration in Alzheimer’s disease. NeuroReport 13, 2429-2432.
86. Elyaman W, Terro F, Suen KC, Yardin C, Chang RCC, Hugon J (2002) BAD and Bcl-2 regulation are early events linking neuronal endoplasmic reticulum stress to mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Mol. Brain Res. 109, 233-238.
87. Jeohn GH, Cooper C, Wilson B, Chang RCC, Jang K, Kim H, Liu B, Hong JS (2002): p38 kinase is involved in LPS-induced dopaminergic neuronal cell death in rat mescenphalic neuron-glia cultures. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 962, 332-346.
88. Chang RCC, Tsang D, Stadlin A (2001): The effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha on taurine uptake in cultured rat astrocytes. Neurochem. Intl. 38, 251-256.
89. Chang RCC*, Chen W, Hudson P, Wilson B, Han SK, Hong JS (2001) Neurons reduce glial responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and prevent injury of microglial cells from over-activation by LPS. J. Neurochem. 76, 1042-1049.
90. Chang RCC, Hudson P, Wilson B, Haddon L, Hong JS (2000) Influence of neurons on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated production of nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-a by glia. Brain Res. 853, 236-244
91. Chang RCC, Hudson P, Wilson B, Liu B, Abel H, Hong JS (2000) High concentrations of extracellular potassium enhance bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide-induced neurotoxicity. Neuroscience 97, 757-764
92. Chang RCC*, Hudson P, Wilson B, Liu B, Abel H, Hemperly J, Hong JS. (2000) Immune modulatory effect of neural cell adhesion molecules on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated nitric oxide production by cultured glia. Mol. Brain Res. 81, 197-201.
93. Chang RCC, Rota C, Glover R, Mason R, Hong JS (2000) A novel effect of opioid receptor antagonist naloxone on the production of reactive oxygen species by microglia: A study of free radical by electroparamagnetic resonance. Brain Res. 854, 224-229.
94. Liu B, Du L, Kong LY, Hudson PM, Wilson BC, Chang RCC, Abel H, Hong JS (2000) Reduction by naloxone of lipopolysaccharide induced-neurotoxicity in mouse cortical neuron-glia co-cultures. Neuroscience 97, 749-756.
95. Jeohn GH, Chang RCC, Kim WG, Wilson B, Mohney RP, Wetsel WC, Hong JS (2000) Post-transcriptional inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase by Gö6976 in murine microglia. Mol. Brain Res. 79, 18-31.
96. Ringel F, Chang RCC, Staub F, Baethmann A, Plesnila N (2000) Contribution of anion transporters to the acidosis-induced swelling and intracellular acidification of glial cells. J. Neurochem. 75, 125-132.
97. Feng Z, Chang RCC, Bing G, Hudson P, Tiao N, Jin L, Hong JS (1999) Long-term increase of Sp-1 transcription factors in the hippocampus after kainic acid treatment. Mol. Brain Res. 69, 144-148.
98. Uhl E, Wrba E, Nehring V, Chang RCC, Baethmann A, Reulen HJ (1999) Technical note: a new method for quantitative analysis of brain oedema resolution into the ventricles and the subarachnoid space. Acta Neurochir. 141, 89-92.
99. Plesnila N, Ringel F, Chang RCC, Staub F, Baethmann A (1998) Relevance of calcium homeostasis in glial cell swelling from acidosis. Acta Neurochir. Suppl.  71, 203-205.
100. Chang RCC, Plesnila N, Ringel F, Grönlinger C, Staub F, Baethmann A (1997) Role of protein kinase C in acidosis-induced glial swelling – Current understanding. Acta Neurochir. Suppl.  70, 225-227.
101. Staub F, Peters J, Plesnila N, Chang RCC, Baethmann A (1997) Swelling and damage of glial cells by lactacidosis and glutamate: effect of a-trinositol. Brain Res. 766, 285-288.
102. Plesnila N, Ringel F, Chang RCC, Peters J, Staub F, Baethmann A (1997) Effect of moderate hypothermia on volume and intracellular pH of glial cells with and without exposure to lactic acid. Acta Neurochir. Suppl.  70, 262-264.
103. Ringel F, Plesnila N, Chang RCC, Peters J, Staub F, Baethmann A (1997) Role of calcium ions in acidosis-induced glial swelling. Acta Neurochir. Suppl. 70, 144-147.
104. Staub F, Peters J, Plesnila N, Chang RCC, Baethmann A (1997) Effect of a-trinositol on swelling and damage of glial cells by lactacidosis and glutamate. Acta Neurochir. Suppl.  70, 179-181.
105. Wrba E, Nehring V, Chang RCC, Baethmann A, Reulen HJ, Uhl E (1997) Quantitative analysis of brain edema resolution into cerebral ventricles and subarachnoid space. Acta Neurochir. Suppl., 70, 288-290.
106. Staub F, Winkler A, Haberstok J, Plesnila N, Peters J, Chang RCC, Kempski D, Baethmann A (1996) Swelling, intracellular acidosis, and damage of glial cells. Acta Neurochir. Suppl., 66, 56-62.

Book Editor

1. “Lycium Barbarum and Human Health”, (2015) edited by Raymond Chuen-Chung CHANG and Kwok-Fai SO. Springer, In press.
2. “Advanced Understanding of Neurodegenerative Diseases”, (2011) edited by Raymond Chuen-Chung CHANG. (by invitation to be editor) InTech Open Access Publisher, ISBN 978-953-307-485-6 (http://www.intechopen.com/books/show/title/advanced-understanding-of-neurodegenerative-diseases)
3. “Neurodegenerative Diseases – Processes, Prevention, Protection and Monitoring”, (2011) edited by Raymond Chuen-Chung CHANG. (by invitation to be editor) InTech Open Access Publisher, ISBN 978-953-307-529-7 (http://www.intechopen.com/books/show/title/neurodegenerative-diseases-processes-prevention-protection-and-monitoring)

Patent Filed/Submitted

1. So KF, Yuen WH, Chang RCC, Zee SY (2005) Methods using Lycium Barbarum Extracts as Neuroprotective Agents for Retinal Ganglion Cells Degeneration. US Patent 20050196418-A1.
2. Chang RCC, Yuen WH, So KF, Zee SY (2005) Water-soluble polysaccharide extract, useful to inhibit neuronal cell death and to treat or prevent e.g. age-related disorders, comprises arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose, rhamnose, mannose, glucuronic acid and galacturonic acid. US Patent US2005170028-A1.